How to Read Longitud and Longitude on a Map

Image globes: geographyworldonline.com

Breadth and Longitude are at the cadre of map reading, in that they are the imaginary lines which lay on the surface of the earth to form a matrix of coordinates.

Here is a basic explanation, and an like shooting fish in a barrel way to remember which is which…

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LATITUDE

how-to-remember-latitude
Image globes: geographyworldonline.com

Latitude lines are imaginary lines on the earth's surface. They run east and due west around the globe and tell you your distance north or southward of the Equator.

Lines of Latitude run parallel to the equator (east-west).

Call back Latitude by thinking of a LADDER (sounds similar).

The ladder has rungs which yous climb to go upward and down, similar to the lines of Latitude which go up and down across the circumference of the earth.

Latitude lines run due east and west, merely they tell how far upward you tin can get (North) or how far down you can go (South).

The equator is Null degrees.

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LONGITUDE

how-to-remember-longitude
Image globes: geographyworldonline.com

Lines of Longitude run from pole to pole (north-southward) all the mode effectually the world and tell yous your distance east or w from the 'Prime Tiptop'.

The Prime Acme is Longitude Nothing, and is a reference line from which longitude east and w are measured. It passes through Greenwich, England, the site of the Royal Greenwich Observatory.

Remember LONGITUDE by thinking of long, tall telephone poles (because Longitude lines run from pole to pole).

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THE MATRIX

Lines of Latitude and Longitude come up together to course a matrix/grid.

Latitude and Longitude is the most common grid system used for navigation. It volition allow you to pinpoint your location with a high degree of accurateness.

Latitude is athwart distance measured north and due south of the Equator.

The Equator is 0 degrees.

Equally yous become north of the equator the Latitude increases all the way upwards to ninety degrees at the northward pole.

If you lot go due south of the equator, the Breadth increases all the manner upward to 90 degrees at the south pole.

In the northern hemisphere the Breadth is always given in degrees North, and in the southern hemisphere information technology is given in degrees Southward.

Longitude works the same mode. It is angular distance measured east and due west of the Prime number Meridian.

The prime pinnacle is 0 degrees Longitude.

As you go e from the prime number meridian, the Longitude increases to 180 degrees.

As you lot get west from the prime summit Longitude increases to 180 degrees.

In the eastern hemisphere the Longitude is given in degrees Eastward, and in the western hemisphere it is given in degrees Westward.

DISTANCES
At the equator, ane caste of Breadth or Longitude represents approximately lxx statute miles.

At higher Latitudes the distance of ane degree of Longitude decreases, because they all come closer together as they approach the n and s poles (meet the images in a higher place for visualization).

Breadth however stays the same because they are always as spaced apart.

Degrees are non accurate enough to notice a precise location. At best, i degree of latitude and longitude would define a 70 foursquare mile area.

To overcome this problem, 1 degree is divided further into threescore′(minutes).

So if one caste equals 70 miles, and one degree tin can exist divided into lx′ (minutes), then 1′ (minute) equals 1.2 miles.

Dividing 1 degree into lx′ (minutes) allows one to calculate their position with much ameliorate accuracy.

In some instances even more accuracy is needed… To do this we tin divide 1′ (infinitesimal) into threescore″(seconds).

If 1′ (infinitesimal) equals 1.2 miles, and we can divide it into 60″ (seconds), then ane″ (second) equals 0.02 miles.

It is worth taking a few seconds to memorize the following numbers. It will aid you to use latitude and longitude more than effectively:

1 degree = seventy miles
1′ = one.2 miles
1″ = .02 miles

united-states-latitude-longitude

Example:
Los Angeles
34° iii′ 8″ N / 118° fourteen′ 34″ W
34 degrees 3 minutes 8 seconds North / 118 degrees 14 minutes 34 seconds West

The map shown above only shows the major degrees. All the same every bit you lot tin run into, even the coordinates 34° Northward / 118° W will enable you lot to sight adequately quickly on the map where Los Angeles is located. If we had a map which indicated 'minutes', and so you could distinguish down to approximately a mile. If the map indicated "seconds", and so you lot could pinpoint the exact center down to approximately 100 feet. Retrieve of it as grids within grids… Information technology's just a matter of having the right map which overlays latitude and longitude downwardly to the resolution that resolves for your purpose.

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Source: https://modernsurvivalblog.com/survival-skills/basic-map-reading-latitude-longitude/

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